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Lesotho has made significant progress in the fight against HIV, evidenced by a 15% decline in AIDS-related deaths and a 35% reduction in new infections since 2010. TB deaths have decreased by 17%, and incidence by 35%, in the same period. Notwithstanding these achievements, the country has the second-highest HIV prevalence (24%, reaching 71% in key and vulnerable populations) and the highest TB incidence rate in the world.