Monkeypox is a viral disease that has gained global attention after a surge in cases in 2022. Although the disease can spread from person to person, including through direct contact with lesions or bodily fluids, it is unlikely to become a large-scale pandemic like COVID-19.
Reasons include its less efficient mode of transmission, longer incubation period, and the fact that vaccines and treatments are already available. However, continued vigilance is needed, particularly in areas where outbreaks occur, to prevent uncontrolled spread.
See also: Is monkeypox the next big pandemic? (Part I) | Experts’ Opinions
Thus, to prevent the spread of monkeypox, several prevention and control measures must be put in place:
- Isolation of confirmed cases: Infected individuals should be isolated to avoid infecting others, especially during the period when they have symptoms.
- Contact tracing: Identifying and monitoring people who have been in close contact with confirmed cases allows for rapid detection of new cases and early intervention.
- Vaccination: Using vaccines, such as the smallpox vaccine (which offers cross-protection), for at-risk groups or people who have been in contact with cases.
- Rigorous hygiene: Encouraging regular handwashing with soap and the use of disinfectants, as well as wearing gloves and masks when in contact with sick people.
- Awareness and information: Informing the public about monkeypox symptoms, modes of transmission, and preventive measures can reduce risky behaviors.
- Epidemiological surveillance: Strengthen case surveillance to rapidly detect any new outbreaks and respond appropriately.
These measures, combined, can effectively limit the spread of monkeypox. But, I think the population has its part to play.
For the general population, the following recommendations can help prevent the spread of monkeypox:
- Inform and raise awareness: Know the symptoms of monkeypox, which include fever, rash, headache, muscle aches, and swollen glands. Be aware of the modes of transmission, mainly through direct contact with lesions, bodily fluids, or contaminated objects.
- Practice good hygiene: Wash your hands frequently with soap and water, or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer. Avoid touching your face (eyes, nose, mouth) without washing your hands.
- Avoid close contact: Reduce close physical contact, such as hugging or shaking hands, with people who are symptomatic. Avoid contact with animals that may be infected, including rodents and primates in endemic areas.
- Do not share personal items: Do not share clothing, bedding, towels, or other personal items with sick people.
- Seek prompt medical attention if symptoms develop: If you develop symptoms of monkeypox, it is important to seek prompt medical attention for proper diagnosis and care. Follow medical instructions, including isolation, if necessary.
- Vaccination for at-risk groups: People who are exposed or at increased risk (such as health care workers) should consider vaccination, if available and recommended in their area.
- Travel: Before traveling, consult health advisories and recommendations from health authorities regarding monkeypox, especially if you are traveling to an area where cases have been reported.
See also: Is monkeypox the next big pandemic? (Part II) | Experts’ Opinions
By following these recommendations, the public can help limit the spread of monkeypox.
