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When UNICEF starting working in the vast archipelago in 1948, the organisation focused on providing emergency assistance to avert a famine on the island of Lombok.
A year later, the first official cooperation agreement was signed with the Republic of Indonesia to build a milk kitchen in Yogyakarta, the seat of the new government at that time.
In 1969, the Government of Indonesia launched its first Five Year Development Plan, with UNICEF and other UN organizations providing technical assistance.